Spain stands out as an exception amidst the intensified immigration crackdown in the United States and the border closures in European countries. In a unique move, Spain’s left-wing government passed a royal decree at the end of January to regularize hundreds of thousands of undocumented individuals living and working in the country. The decree allows eligible applicants to apply for a one-year renewable residence permit if they have no criminal record and can prove they have been in Spain for at least five consecutive months prior to December 31, 2025.
Although the exact number of undocumented individuals in Spain is unknown, estimates suggest that anywhere from half a million to one million people could benefit from this measure. The initiative aims to address labor shortages in Spain’s flourishing economy. A 36-year-old Honduran resident in Madrid, who requested anonymity due to his undocumented status, expressed his disbelief and hope for a better future through the regularization program.
The majority of Spain’s undocumented migrants, nearly 90 percent, hail from Latin America, with significant numbers from Colombia, Peru, and Honduras. Spain has experienced an influx of Latin Americans avoiding the United States since the return of former President Donald Trump to the White House.
With over seven million foreign nationals residing in Spain, accounting for almost 15 percent of the population, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez attributes the country’s economic success to immigration. Spain witnessed a 2.8 percent growth in 2025, with the unemployment rate dropping below 10 percent for the first time since the previous economic crisis.
The recent regularization plan has been well-received by employers facing labor shortages, especially in sectors like construction. The move echoes a similar initiative in 2005, where nearly 600,000 undocumented individuals were regularized for economic reasons. This earlier program resulted in improved job prospects, mobility, and tax contributions for migrants.
Apart from easing the labor shortage, the regularization measure aims to bolster public finances by ensuring undocumented individuals contribute to social security. The initiative is also expected to reduce unfair competition among companies and open up new professional opportunities for migrant workers with diverse skill sets.
The Spanish government plans to begin accepting regularization applications in April, with a deadline set for the end of June. However, concerns have been raised regarding the system’s capacity to handle the influx of requests. Immigration lawyers like Eva María Navarrete Parrondo have reported a surge in applications, mostly from undocumented individuals currently working in sectors like construction.
While the regularization initiative has garnered support, it has also faced opposition from right-wing and far-right groups in Spain. Critics fear a strain on public services, while some view the move as an “invasion.” Prime Minister Sánchez defended the decision, emphasizing the importance of recognizing rights and promoting dignity, community, and justice.
Despite facing challenges and skepticism, the Honduran worker interviewed by CBC remains optimistic about the regularization plan. He believes in a brighter future where he can reunite with his family and live without the burden of insecurity.
